Neste artigo, investigamos práticas de citação de literatura científica na escrita reflexiva do gênero relatório de estágio supervisionado, produzido por professores em formação, em disciplinas de estágio obrigatório em Ensino de Língua Inglesa numa Licenciatura em Letras. Analisaremos, especificamente, como esses professores se representam a partir de citações de literatura científica, e caracterizaremos algumas funções exercidas pelas citações na escrita reflexiva emergente na esfera acadêmica. Utilizamos a abordagem dialógica da linguagem dos estudos bakhtinianos como referencial teórico de base, além de (...) aportes teórico-metodológicos acerca de tipos de sequência e de discurso propostos por Adam e Bronckart. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que a prática de citação da literatura científica é uma invocação de autoridade com função de erudição, amplificação e ornamentação do discurso produzido, podendo orientar a ação pedagógica desenvolvida pelo professor em formação no estágio supervisionado.In this paper we investigate citation practices of scientific literature in reflexive writing from the genre of supervised pre-service training report produced by pre-service teachers enrolled in the mandatory pre-service training subject of English Language Teaching, at an undergraduate language teaching course. The aim of this research is to analyze how these pre-services teacher represent themselves based on citation practices of scientific literature, and characterize some of the functions deployed by the citations in the reflexive writing emerging in the academic sphere. We use the dialogic approach to language from Bakhtinian studies as a theoretical base, as well as theoretical and methodological contributions regarding types of sequences and of discourse proposed by Adam and Bronckart. The results of this research show that the practice of citation of scientific literature is an invocation of authority as a form of erudition, amplification and ornamentation of the discourse produced. This practice can also guide pedagogical action developed by pre-service teachers in their supervised training. (shrink)

The world of work has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic due to the high instability observed in the labor market, bringing several new challenges for leaders and employees. The present study aims to analyze the role of organizational and job resources in predicting employees’ job insecurity during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak, through the mediating role of work engagement. A sample of 207 Portuguese employees participated, of which 64.7% were women. Data was collected using an online (...) survey, including self-report measures of organizational resources, job resources, job insecurity, and work engagement. Data showed that job and organizational resources negatively influenced job insecurity. Moreover, work engagement was a significant mediator of the relation between performance feedback and job insecurity. Findings suggest that investing in job and organizational resources can act as protective factors to minimize feelings of job insecurity. Likewise, leaders should foster work engagement among employees to help them balance the relation between these resources and job insecurity, especially in crisis situations. Overall, this study takes a new, underexplored perspective, theoretically bridging organizational and job resources with job insecurity and work engagement during a time of great uncertainty, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. (shrink)

Establishing effective pharmaceutical governance is a challenge for government agencies, private enterprises, and professionals working on the ground, demanding complex ethical decisions from the actors involved, especially in a lower-middle-income country like Ghana. This letter aims to share the author’s perspectives and additional considerations on the analyses of the reports in the paper “It is very difficult in this business if you want to have a good conscience”: pharmaceutical governance and on-the-ground ethical labor in Ghana by Hampshire et al. The (...) letter's authors discuss the need to advance universal health coverage in Ghana, the everyday ethics, and the disparities between the collective and individual moral consciousness of the participants, as well as other aspects of governance in the pharmaceutical sector. (shrink)

ResumoO artigo aponta o reducionismo da determinação exclusivamente socioeconômica do povo e dos grandes na interpretação de McCormick sobre Maquiavel. Este reducionismo resulta em uma leitura limitada de O Príncipe, não examinando satisfatoriamente os capítulos I ao III e o problema da inovação neles expresso. Defende-se que estes capítulos e este problema podem ser examinados pela tematização do conflito, quando se considera a questão da desunião entre grandes e povo para além do seu caráter socioeconômico.Uma comparação entre as leituras de (...) Pocock e Lefort é mobilizada para tanto, pois elas examinam os capítulos iniciais de O Príncipe e reconhecem neles o problema da inovação. O que as diferencia é Lefort reconhecer o tema do conflito enquanto implícito nos capítulos em questão. Com esta comparação, deixa-se indicado que Lefort permite ampliar o horizonte interpretativo visado por McCormick, permitindo uma compreensão mais complexa e dinâmica do conflito entre classes em Maquiavel.AbstractThis article indicates a reductionism on the exclusively socioeconomic determination of the popolo and the grandi in McCormick’s interpretation of Machiavelli. This reductionism results in a limited reading of The Prince, one that does not satisfactorily examine chapters I to III and the problem of innovation therein expressed. I defend that these chapters and this problem can be examined through the thematization of conflict, if one considers the question of the disunion between grandi and popolo beyond its socioeconomical character. A comparison between Pocock’s and Lefort’s interpretations is mobilized for it, for they examine the initial chapters of The Prince and recognize the problem of innovation therein. What differentiates them is that Lefort recognizes the theme of conflict as implicit in the initial chapters of The Prince. Through this comparison I indicate that Lefort allows us to broaden McCormick’s interpretative horizon, allowing a more complex and dynamic comprehension of conflict. (shrink)

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir la modernidad y el otro en la obra Islands of Decolonial Love, de Leanne Simpson. El autor presenta una voz indígena persuasiva que ha atraído la atención de muchos lectores más allá de las fronteras del Canadá sobre cuestiones relacionadas con la tierra y los indígenas, el extractivismo y el medio ambiente. En la obra enfocada, el autor acerca al lector no indígena a la construcción del conocimiento indígena presentando un material que va más (...) allá de la palabra escrita. La nación a la que pertenece Simpson y tantos otros pueblos indígenas han sufrido las marcas de la colonización. Pensar en las narraciones y conversaciones de los personajes de Islands of Decolonial Love es hacer que el lector reflexione sobre las ‘grietas’ invisibles que el proceso de civilización y su lado ‘oscuro’ desatan bajo la ‘ética’ de la retórica de la modernidad y el discurso progresista del capitalismo. No se puede negar la existencia del otro. (shrink)

IntroductionThere is a need to maintain rehabilitation activities and motivate movement and physical activity during quarantine in individuals with Cerebral Palsy.ObjectiveThis paper sets out to evaluate the feasibility and potential benefits of using computer serious game in a non-immersive virtual reality implemented and evaluated completely remotely in participants with CP for Home-Based Telerehabilitation during the quarantine period for COVID-19.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional design, a total of 44 individuals participated in this study between March and June 2020, 22 of which had CP (...) and 22 typically developing individuals, matched by age and sex to the individuals with CP. Participants practiced a coincident timing game1 and we measured movement performance and physical activity intensity using the rating of perceived exertion Borg scale.ResultsAll participants were able to engage with the VR therapy remotely, reported enjoying sessions, and improved performance in some practice moments. The most important result in this cross-sectional study was the significant increasing in rating of perceived exertion in both groups during practice and with CP presenting a higher rating of perceived exertion.ConclusionChildren with CP enjoyed participating, were able to perform at the same level as their peers on certain activities and increased both their performance and physical activity intensity when using the game, supporting the use of serious games for this group for home therapy and interactive games.Clinical Trials Registrationhttps://Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04402034. Registered on May 20, 2020. (shrink)

This study explored the evidence of validity of internal structure of the 12-item Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy—Spiritual Wellbeing Scale in Brazilian adolescents with chronic health conditions. The study involved 301 Brazilian adolescents with cancer, type 1 diabetes mellitus, or cystic fibrosis. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Item Response Theory were used to test the internal structure. Reliability was determined with Cronbach’s Alpha and McDonald’s Omega. The EFA suggested a one-dimensional scale structure in contrast to the original (...) 2-factor model or the 3-factor model which were not reproduced in the current CFA. All quality indicators for the EFA one-factor exceeded the required criteria. The FACIT-Sp-12 for adolescents yielded strong evidence for a 1-factor model and with good reliability. (shrink)

O presente artigo apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa de trabalho de conclusão de curso, cujo objetivo foi analisar as especificidades de como ocorre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA – de mulheres que vivem em situação carcerária, bem como as contribuições e limitações do processo educacional para a ressignificação e reinserção na sociedade. Especificamente a pesquisa se propõe a compreender como ocorre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos no sistema penitenciário feminino; apontar as contribuições da EJA no (...) processo de escolarização e reinserção de mulheres que vivem em situação de cárcere; e identificar as dificuldades e limitações encontradas na promoção da aprendizagem escolar no sistema prisional feminino no Conjunto Penal Nilton Gonçalves em Vitória da Conquista–BA. Optamos por uma pesquisa exploratória, de caráter qualitativo na perspectiva de desenvolvermos um estudo de caso. A pesquisa aponta a necessidade de ser estabelecido um processo educacional que contribua para ressignificação e ressocialização da pessoa encarcerada, bem como programas com práticas sócio-educativas que são garantidos por lei, mas que na prática pouco acontecem. (shrink)

Coletânea de resenhas e artigos organizada pelo poeta e editor Wilbett Oliveira: SUMÀRIOPARTE UM — RESENHAS 11 Sobre as paixões por Clarice LispectorWilbett Oliveira 19 Sobre o romance “Canibalismo de Outono”, de Arturo GouveiaCícero Émerson do Nascimento Cardoso 27 Sobre “A poesia na precariedade do existir”Joel Cardoso 33 De norte ao sul do Brasil: pontos de convergênciaEster Abreu V. de Oliveira 43 Desvelando méritos ocultos Luiz Eduardo de Carvalho 49 Inventário para a poesia experimental portuguesaRodrigo da Costa Araujo 55 “Vaca (...) Profana”: um mundo lírico e divertidoAdelto Gonçalves 63 Sobre o “Soneto 155”, de Norma Doront StrafArturo Gouveia 71 “Viúvas de Sal”, herdeiras do malLuiz Eduardo de Carvalho PARTE DOIS — ARTIGOS 79 Apatia sem pátriaFlávio R. Kothe 95 Alguns equívocos dos gramáticosJosé Augusto Carvalho PARTE TRÊS — Sobre os coautores 111 Adelto Gonçalves112 Arturo Gouveia113 Cícero Émerson do Nascimento Cardoso114 Ester Abreu Vieira de Oliveira115 Flávio R. Kothe116 Joel Cardoso117 José Augusto Carvalho118 Luiz Eduardo de Carvalho119 Rodrigo da Costa Araujo120 Wilbett Oliveira 121 Crédito das imagens. (shrink)

Abstract1915 ist Ernst Troeltsch nach Berlin gezogen, wo er Professor für Philosophie wurde. Sein Wechsel aus der Heidelberger Theologischen Fakultät in die Philosophische Fakultät der Berliner Universität und sein zunehmendes Interesse am Historismus hat ihn nicht daran gehindert, theologische Studien fortzuführen. Ein Ergebnis dieser Studien war eine noch in Heidelberg geschriebene detaillierte Untersuchung über Augustins Theologie und im besonderen über De Civitate Dei. Troeltsch hat diese Studie unternommen, um zum einen eine Lücke in seinen Soziallehren der christlichen Kirchen und Gruppen (...) zu füllen und zum anderen wegen seinem zunehmenden Interesse an Augustins Philosophie. Das Ergebnis dieser Untersuchung ist Troeltschs Buch Augustin, die christliche Antike und das Mittelalter. Dieses Buch ist aus vielen Gründen ein bemerkenswertes Werk, unter anderem, weil es eine objektive und eine prägnante Untersuchung über Ethik und Naturgesetz darstellt. Troeltschs Buch über Augustin ist sehr wichtig zu untersuchen, aber genauso wichtig ist der Prozess, der ihn dazu geführt, es zu schreiben. Dabei handelt es sich um mehrere Rezensionen, die Troeltsch über Bücher zu Augustins Theologie, Ethik und politischer Philosophie geschrieben hat. Indem wir Troeltschs Rezensionen und sein Buch Augustin studieren, lernen wir nicht nur, was in seiner Sicht besonders wertvoll sei in den Schriften des großen Kirchenvaters, sondern wir lernen auch Troeltschs eigenes Denken zu Ethik, Geschichte und sogar Politik besser kennen.By 1915 Ernst Troeltsch had moved to Berlin where he became professor of philosophy. His move from the Faculty of Theology to philosophy and his increasing concern with historicism did not hinder him from continuing with his theological studies. One of the results of these studies was his detailed investigation of Augustine’s theology and he focused specifically on de Civitate Dei. Troeltsch undertook this study partially to rectify an omission in his Soziallehren der christlichen Kirchen und Gruppen and partially because of his increasing interest in Augustine’s philosophy. The result of this study was Troeltsch’s book Augustin, die christliche Antike und das Mittelalter. This is a remarkable work for many reasons, including that it was an objective and appreciative investigations on ethics and natural law – and it was written by a prominent Protestant theologian. However, this book has been mostly neglected which is unfortunate. Troeltsch’s book on Augustine is well-worth exploring but so is the process which led him to write it. That entails consulting the numerous reviews that Troeltsch wrote about a number of books devoted to certain aspects of Augustine’s theology, ethics, and political philosophy. By studying Troeltsch’s book reviews and his Augustin, we not only learn what Troeltsch regarded as so valuable in the writings of this particular Church Father, but we also learn about Troeltsch’s own thinking about ethics, history, and even politics. (shrink)

A actual igreja paroquial de Santa Catarina, do antigo convento da congregação de São Paulo da Serra d’Ossa, é sem dúvida uma das mais ricas de Lisboa, e essa opulência, para além do seu recheio decorativo, passa também pela riqueza do seu programa iconográfico. Sendo originalmente igreja conventual de uma congregação eremítica, dedicada ao Santíssimo Sacramento, esta circunstância reflecte-se naturalmente no seu programa decorativo. Assim, é precisamente esta dupla vertente (a eucarística e a eremítica) que marca o seu complexo programa (...) iconográfico, que mantém, ainda hoje, a sua grandeza e plena integridade. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Feminist Studies 45, no. 1. © 2019 by Feminist Studies, Inc. 235 Vivyan Adair Stigmata: A Memoir of Pain and Resistance For some of us poverty is not experienced from a distance or from the position of an audience member or critic, but as the most pressing truth of our existence, past or present and our core sense of identity. —Roxanne Rimstead, Remnants of Nation: On Poverty Narratives (...) by Women Shame My own mother—with four children under the age of seven by the time she was twenty five—taught, nurtured, and loved us ferociously but struggled and utterly failed to keep us fed, sheltered, and safe. We clung desperately to her fragile dignity, grace, and laughter, against all the forces of a cruel and indifferent world. Yet, in the end she was crushed by the weight of our shame and our raw, unrelenting pain as my brothers and sister and I were bent and broken and taken from her; with scars that never faded; injuries, infections, and ailments for which we found neither respite nor repair; with feet mangled by cheap, used Salvation Army shoes; the gnawing void of hunger and insecurity clawing at our tender backs; public indignities and humiliations for which I still can find no words. With access to neither medical insurance nor care, when my already fragile, toddling sister’s forehead was split open by a car door slammed in frustration, my brother and I had to pin her tiny body to the ground as 236 Vivyan Adair my mother sewed the angry gash together with needle and thread, practicing the meticulous dressmaker’s stitches for which she had received a modicum of acclaim, but so little reward. My sister somehow endured, but registered the pain, the terror, and the trauma with a brand, a stigmata, an angry and frightening scar as an indelible sign of our poverty, visually cleaving her very forehead in two, for the remainder of her life. In our school cafeteria “free lunchers” were reminded with a large and colorful sign to “line up last.” In that auditorium each fall we were coerced up onto a makeshift stage, with the promise of first dibs on free milk. There, our pristine school nurse sat upright and sucked air through her teeth as she donned surgical gloves to cautiously check only the hair of poor hungry children, one by one, for lice. I burned and choked and raged with shame, as our far more decent working-class colleagues and friends, in color-coordinated Sears sweater sets and matching tartan knee high socks, averted their eyes from our reluctant genuflections, while silently spooning their mac and cheese and sipping their Tree Top from tiny Dixie cups. In dilapidated and unsafe housing often without heat, hot water, or lights and with access to only public bathrooms, I developed a stubborn case of ringworm, scabies, and a series of painful urinary tract infections. When my second grade teacher would not excuse me every hour or so—because, as she said I was “willful”—I could not help but wet my pants in class. My schoolmates guffawed at my flea bitten legs, my ducttaped shoes, my crooked and ill-serviced teeth, and the way my siblings and I stank. Kids, teachers, and strangers stepped away from us intuitively and then, with great shows of distress, feigned concern and then outrage and disgust. Regularly our teachers excoriated us for our inability to concentrate in school and our refusal to come to class with proper school supplies, calling us out as greedy when we tried to take more than our share of free lunch. Whenever backpacks or library books came up missing, we were publicly interrogated and sent home to think about our offenses, often accompanied by notes that reminded my bewildered mother that she should be working twice as hard to make up for the discipline and order that had supposedly walked out the door with my father. And when occasionally we cried foul and lashed out, our behavior was used to justify even more elaborate punishment that exacerbated the effect of our growing anomie. Vivyan Adair 237 Guilt As children, our disheveled and unkempt bodies were produced as... (shrink)

Among the founders of classical German sociology, Ferdinand Tonnies is still relatively neglected. Many reasons are given, but the most widespread and the most damning is that Tonnies is a pessimist who wished, in the face of modernity, to return to the supposed Golden Age of rural Germany, when the community, ruled by patriarchs, gathered on the land. This interpretation is fundamentally flawed: although Tonnies wanted to describe the rootless, ruthless, calculating individuals of modern society, he wished to recall the (...) past primarily in order to develop a blueprint for the future, in which the so-called feminine traits of conscience, empathy, and care would govern the community. Rather than yearning for the past, Tonnies was a utopian who had a vision of the future and tried to make it a reality. (shrink)

Over the past four decades, the paradox of fiction has sparked considerable debate among philosophers. Unfortunately, the most promising solution to this puzzle, thought theory, currently earns its plausibility by way of intuition rather than evidence. I aim to address this by updating thought theory in light of recent empirical findings on affect. I will draw upon a wide range of scientific research—on the cognitive mechanisms driving emotion, the role of affect in counterfactual mind wandering and prospection, and the evolutionary (...) function of affect—to substantiate the claim that fictions can give rise to both real and rational emotional states. (shrink)

‘I have just finished Rickert. He is very good.’1 These two sentences are from a letter Max Weber wrote to his wife Marianne while he was still recuperating in Florence from his psycho-somatic illn...

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo explicar os mecanismos básicos da linguagem no século XVI, a partir da arqueologia de Michel Foucault. Para tanto, o itinerário a ser percorrido parte de uma breve introdução ao pensamento do autor e do panorama geral do livro, de sua autoria, “As palavras e as coisas: uma arqueologia das ciências humanas”, bem como de suas questões fundamentais. Após, analisar-se-á o capítulo que trata sobre a filosofia do Renascimento, intitulado “A prosa do mundo”, de modo (...) a elucidar a visão que os renascentistas tinham acerca da linguagem e o que a caracterizava. Também é premente verificar qual a relevância de tal período para Foucault em sua pesquisa sobre a linguagem, a concepção desta como autônoma, independente, dissociada das ideias. Por fim, é feita uma retomada crítica dos pontos abordados neste trabalho. A pesquisa foi bibliográfica e teve como principal referência o livro “As palavras e as coisas” (2000), do mesmo autor. (shrink)

Trata-se de uma contextualização filosófica que perpassa os limites e as fronteiras do pensamento reducionista: que fragmenta e exclui a subjetividade humana em nome da objetividade racionalista. Volta-se ao pressuposto de que tanto a subjetividade quanto a objetividade são legítimas fontes do pensar e do agir humanos e, por isto mesmo, fontes primárias da religação ética entre o eu e o outro. Debruçar-se sobre o conceito de amorosidade, em Paulo Freire, remete à discussão acerca da ética como campo ontológico das (...) relações entre humanos e humanos, e entre humanos e não humanos. A proposta que tangencia o estudo tem por objetivo principal compreender o conceito de amorosidade e seus desdobramentos dentro e fora da pedagogia freireana, sobretudo incorporada ao ethos e à racionalidade prática, nesta contemporaneidade. Almeja-se, com isto, oferecer algumas reflexões sobre o sentido e o sentir da amorosidade como modo de acolhimento do outro no eu, uma possibilidade de reconhecimento de um eu no outro. Palavras-chave: Paulo Freire. Amorosidade. Ética. Formação humana. (shrink)

Este artigo discute os impactos do PIBID UNIVALI – Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência – na Educação Básica. O PIBID é uma política pública brasileira de valorização do magistério implementada pela CAPES, a partir de 2007. A pesquisa seguiu a abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa e a coleta de dados deu-se a partir da pesquisa documental. Os dados apresentados revelam que uma política pública bem articulada pode promover a parceria entre a Educação Superior e a Educação Básica, voltadas (...) para a formação dos futuros professores, introduzindo os licenciandos no espaço escolar para que possam compreender o seu cotidiano e assim melhor articular a teoria e a prática a partir de situações educativas concretas. O considerável aumento do número de unidades de ensino que passaram a fazer parte do PIBID UNIVALI, a partir de 2012, ampliou as possibilidades de envolvimento dos participantes do processo num movimento amplo de aprendizagem, valorização do magistério e realização profissional. Os dados apresentados indicam que o PIBID promove o resgate da função da escola e esta passa a ser percebida como uma oportunidade de realização profissional. Os futuros professores percebem que os problemas podem deflagrar ações criadoras e criativas e a universidade problematiza situações educativas concretas. Há uma movimentação nas escolas, pois se desacomodam práticas pedagógicas e institui-se um ritmo mais dinâmico ao cotidiano escolar, principalmente no que diz respeito à criação de materiais didáticos e instrucionais e à vivência estética. O programa ainda cultiva espaços para a socialização de experiências e de formação dos envolvidos. (shrink)

Review & Reply. Review of Gonçalves, R.T. (tr.) Lucrécio. Sobre a Natureza das Coisas(2021).

Readers of The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism recognize that Weber attempts to provide an ideal account of development of modern rational capitalism. What readers apparently do not realize is that Weber believes that there is a political development that is parallel to this economic development. Weber believed that Luther’s passive theology and doctrine of two kingdoms lead to quiet resignation in earthly matters. Luther advises shunning politics and avoiding political confrontation. In contrast, Weber held that Calvin’s theology (...) of awe and his doctrine of predestination lead to active political stances and even imply a duty to resist tyranny. However, Weber rejects both Luther’s and Calvin’s political stances because both believed in a divinely ordered world and held that the consequences of their actions were ultimately left to God. Weber contends that only those people who have the proper understanding of the nature of power and have a real appreciation for the ‘diabolic’ nature of politics are suitable to be political actors. Thus, Weber insists that only those people who will take responsibility for their own political actions have the right to ‘stick their hands in the wheels of history’. (shrink)

Global fatalities related to COVID-19 are expected to be high in 2020–2021. Developing and delivering a vaccine may be the most likely way to end the pandemic. If it were possible to shorten this development time by weeks or months, this may have a significant effect on reducing deaths. Phase II and phase III trials could take less long to conduct if they used human challenge methods—that is, deliberately infecting participants with COVID-19 following inoculation. This article analyses arguments for and (...) against such methods and provides suggested broad guidelines for regulators, researchers and ethics committees when considering these matters. It concludes that it may be possible to maintain current ethical standards yet still permit human challenge trials in a context where delay is critical. The implications are that regulators and researchers need to work together now to design robust but short trials and streamline ethics approval processes so that they are in place when applications for trials are made. (shrink)

A proposta do texto é delinear como Heráclito e Platão lidaram com o problema de usar a linguagem para falar do movimento. A perspectiva ontológica de que eles partem é quase oposta. Heráclito vê o mundo como movimento contínuo enquanto, para Platão, o que está em movimento participa, em alguma medida, das Ideias estáticas. É deste ponto de vista que no Teeteto Sócrates encarrega os Heraclitianos de criarem um novo discurso caso queiram falar da sua concepção de mundo. A observação (...) tem um tom crítico, mas não parece estar muito errada se consultarmos os fragmentos do pré-socrático. Em B1 Heráclito declara discorrer segundo a natureza. Utilizando isso como justificativa tomo B67 como um paradigma de como o Efésio repete a ordem do mundo na ordenação dos seus discursos. A primeira palavra, deus, seria o unificador, enquanto os pares de opostos subsequentes citados sem uso de conectivos demonstrariam esta união. Uma vez construída esta concepção retorno ao Teeteto onde Platão oferece outra estratégia de uso da língua para falar do movimento. Ao contrário de Heráclito, ele recorre aos sincategoremas para unir os opostos. Um mobilista deveria falar que algo é 'assim' e 'não assim' mostrando, desta maneira, o estatuto ambíguo das coisas. Como este estatuto não é reconhecido por Platão trata-se de uma crítica à ontologia mobilista. O passo final é ver como Platão usa a linguagem para falar da sua ontologia particular. O discurso usado para se referir às Ideias repete a estratégia de recorrer aos sincategoremas uma vez que a Ideia de algo é dita ser algo 'em si'. A conclusão é que enquanto Heráclito tenta suprimir sua linguagem das palavras que não têm referente além do discurso Platão recorre exatamente a elas para precisar sua referência. (shrink)

ABSTRACT Friedrich von Hügel is justifiably regarded as one of the leading philosophers of religion of the twentieth century. He was born of a German- Austrian father and a Scottish mother and spent most of his life in England. He was fluent in four languages and corresponded with scholars from a half dozen European countries. Educated at home he became a famous philosopher and was granted honorary degrees from St. Andrews and Oxford and was chosen to give the Gifford Lectures. (...) While he is remembered for an extraordinary book on mysticism, he wrote on many other aspects of philosophy. He was close to a number of scholars who at first glance seemed rather different from him – especially the German Protestant Ernst Troeltsch and the Scottish philosopher Norman Kemp Smith. It is through his connections with them and by his works that one can gain an understanding of von Hügel's philosophy. His philosophy was often focused on religion but it was expansive enough to incorporate epistemology, ethics, and even metaphysics. (shrink)

Max Weber and Ernst Toller are regarded as political opposites with the former viewed as the responsible realist and the latter as an ethical idealist. I argue that this contrast between the two is not as great as is customarily thought.

Esta obra é um espelho prático de humanização dos serviços de saúde, este visto como processo Fala, essencialmente, de como alguns decidiram dedicar parte de seu tempo a outras pessoas, apresentando um projeto de extensão que contou com a participação de mais de mil pessoas Este Projeto, chamado O Caminho, conseguiu ultrapassar as paredes, escadas e corredores de um hospital universitário, tornando possíveis reuniões descontraídas e amorosas, cuidados singelos para pacientes realmente doentes, mas que mostrou operar uma mudança real na (...) vida das pessoas A partir desse universo, esta obra traz questionamentos diversos, num processo de construção de assuntos, e desconstrução de outros, acerca da relação do profissional de saúde com o paciente que é cuidado, as reações ao se saber de uma doença, a religiosidade, a morte, o papel da família em todo esse processo, percorrendo, dessa forma, os caminhos da humanização da saúde Obra mais direcionada a médicos(as), terapeutas ocupacionais, enfermeiros(as), psicólogos(as) e sociólogos(as). (shrink)

Estas reflexões se propõem analisar a questão do sujeito e suas relações com o prazer, o desprazer e o gozo na pós-modernidade a partir das perspectivas de Montaigne e Freud. Com efeito, estes dois exploradores da mente e do comportamento humanos revelam várias similitudes entre si, apesar dos mais de trezentos anos que os separam e das diferenças de método de que se serviram para elaborarem suas descobertas. Montaigne centra suas análises sobre os motivos e os móbeis do agir humano (...) a partir do pensamento dos moralistas clássicos e, em especial, dos estoicos e de Plutarco. Quanto a Freud, ele tem em seu favor a teoria e a experiência analíticas que lhe permitiram trazer à tona, simbolizando-a, a linguagem do inconsciente. Ambos os pensadores, porém, souberam captar, nas suas nuanças e gradações, as relações que se dão entre o prazer, o desprazer e o gozo e, assim, anteciparam um dos temas proeminentes da chamada pós-modernidade. (shrink)

Most accounts of Weber’s notion of charisma follow his own explicit comments and seek its origins in the writings of Rudolf Sohm. While I acknowledge the validity of this, I follow Weber’s suggestions and locate the charismatic forces in the political and ethical conduct and beliefs of certain Old Testament prophets, specifically Amos, Jeremiah and Isaiah. Their emphasis on political justice and ethical fairness, coupled with their unwavering belief in the power of prophecy, infuse Weber’s conception of charisma and in (...) crucial ways contribute to the formation of his notion of the modern political leader. (shrink)

This is a review of David Dyzenhaus’ The Long Arc of Legality, a book which is intended to provide a theory of legality that is not founded on coercion or command. Dyzenhaus focuses on H.L.A Hart and Hans Kelsen but he spends much of his effort on Hobbes’ legal thinking. It is not an easy book to read and one may not always agree with Dyzenhaus, but The Long Arc of Legality is a book well worth the effort to read.

In conversation with Emmett Harsin Drager and Andrea Long Chu's “After Trans Studies,” this collaborative essay also turns to questions of field formation and the ethos of trans studies. Situating the growth of the field in the material conditions of precarity under which trans knowledge-workers work, the authors argue that trans studies can't be “over” because, in fact, it isn't yet here. Rather than viewing this as only a dismal proposition, however, they insist that the tenuousness of trans studies provides (...) us with the opportunity to envision and enact more sustaining ways of being “in the field.”. (shrink)

Abstract Centuries of both theologians and astronomers have wondered what the Star of Bethlehem (Matt 2:2, 9) actually was, from miracle to planetary conjunction. Here a history of this search is presented, along with the difficulties the various proposals have had. The natural theories of the Star are found to be a recent innovation, and now almost exclusively maintained by scientists rather than theologians. Current problems with various theories are recognized, as well as general problems with the approach. The interactions (...) between the sciences and religion are categorized and explored. (shrink)

This essay seeks to alter our view of Max Weber by considering the ways that some scholars regarded Weber before his wife Marianne published her biography of her husband. By examining some of the writings by Karl Jaspers, Andreas Walther, Alexander von Schelting and Otto Hintze, we gain a more accurate picture of Max Weber as the person and scholar.

Raymond Aron is well-known for a number of ideas but one of his most cherished has largely gone unnoticed. This is his concept of liberty. While he did not dedicate a particular volume or write many essays on this theme, it was one of his most important legacies to modern political thought. He was an ardent defender of the notion of liberty and his conviction regarding its importance is found in a series of lectures that he gave in California and (...) later in his final lecture in France. This essay is intended to highlight Aron’s notion of liberty. (shrink)

ABSTRACT‘Reading Weber’s Sociology of Law’ is a review essay of Hubert Treiber’s Reading Max Weber’s Sociology of Law. It is an exploration and evaluation of Treiber’s splendid analysis of Weber’s legal philosophy. Treiber addresses the question of the dating of Weber’s manuscripts on the sociology of law and he clarifies Weber’s four stages in the development of the law and legal practices. This review essay concludes with a comparison between Treiber’s book and those by Werner Gephart and by Michel Coutu. (...) The assessment is that Treiber’s book is an indispensable companion to the understanding of Max Weber’s sociology of law. (shrink)

Turing’s much debated test has turned 70 and is still fairly controversial. His 1950 paper is seen as a complex and multilayered text, and key questions about it remain largely unanswered. Why did Turing select learning from experience as the best approach to achieve machine intelligence? Why did he spend several years working with chess playing as a task to illustrate and test for machine intelligence only to trade it out for conversational question-answering in 1950? Why did Turing refer to (...) gender imitation in a test for machine intelligence? In this article, I shall address these questions by unveiling social, historical and epistemological roots of the so-called Turing test. I will draw attention to a historical fact that has been only scarcely observed in the secondary literature thus far, namely that Turing’s 1950 test emerged out of a controversy over the cognitive capabilities of digital computers, most notably out of debates with physicist and computer pioneer Douglas Hartree, chemist and philosopher Michael Polanyi, and neurosurgeon Geoffrey Jefferson. Seen in its historical context, Turing’s 1950 paper can be understood as essentially a reply to a series of challenges posed to him by these thinkers arguing against his view that machines can think. Turing did propose gender learning and imitation as one of his various imitation tests for machine intelligence, and I argue here that this was done in response to Jefferson's suggestion that gendered behavior is causally related to the physiology of sex hormones. (shrink)

Filipe Drapeau Vieira Contim,Pascal Ludwig | : La plupart des théoriciens de l’identité des types souscrivent à un physicalisme a posteriori à l’égard des propriétés phénoménales. Selon cette conception, les énoncés d’identité esprit/cerveau peuvent être justifiés par une inférence à la meilleure explication (IME) partant du fait empirique des corrélations esprit/cerveau. Nous soutenons que la théorie de l’identité ne peut pas s’appuyer sur cette méthodologie abductive. Nous montrons tout d’abord que l’on ne peut pas justifier les énoncés d’identité esprit/cerveau (...) au moyen d’une IME partant des corrélations esprit/cerveau car cette stratégie conduit à un dilemme : ou bien les corrélations ne sont pas des explananda, ou bien les identités esprit/cerveau doivent être admises comme des faits bruts au même titre que les lois dualistes. Nous montrons ensuite que ces énoncés d’identité peuvent être néanmoins justifiés par une IME partant du pouvoir causal des états phénoménaux. Cette seconde stratégie n’est toutefois d’aucune aide pour la forme a posteriori de théorie de l’identité ici discutée dans la mesure où elle débouche sur un physicalisme de type a priori. | : Most type identity theorists endorse a posteriori physicalism about phenomenal properties. On such a view, mind/brain identity statements can be justified by an inference to the best explanation (IBE) starting from the empirical premise of mind/brain correlations. We contend that Identity Theory cannot be based on such an abductive methodology. First, we argue that mind/brain identity statements cannot be justified by an IBE from correlations as it leads to the following dilemma : either correlations are trivial facts that cannot pretend to the status of explananda, or mind/brain identities must be admitted as brute facts, just like dualist laws. Second, we show that these identity statements can still be justified by an IBE starting from the premise of mental causation. However, this strategy is of no help for the a posteriori brand of Identity Theory here challenged since the same premise forces one to embrace a priori physicalism. (shrink)

GONÇALVES, Delmo. O neopentecostalimo da IURD: Emergência ético-religiosa. Dissertação (Mestrado) 2013. 99p. - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte.